Ribs
PA IR Size: 14x17 LW SID: 40"" Page #'s: 1:474,202	Positioning:   • A radiopaque spot marker is placed: on skin at area of pain   • Erect preferred to: drop diaphragm & to see air & fluid levels   • Hands on: hips & rotate shoulders forward (Moves scapula out of way)	CR Entrance & Angle:   • _|_ to center of IR   • Collimation:   • Best to Determine:   • Anterior ribs 1-9 with the posterior portions AD   • If ribs 7-9 aren't well demonstrated, angle CR 10-15 caudad	Eval Criteria:   • 1st - 9th ribs in their entirety, with posterior portions above diaphragm   • 1st - 7th anterior ribs from both sides, in their entirety & above diaphragm   • In a unilateral examination, ribs from opposite side possibly not included in entirety.   • Ribs visible through lungs with sufficient contrast
AP (Above Diaphragm) IR Size: 14x17 LW SID: 40"" Page #'s: 1:476,204	Positioning:   • A radiopaque spot marker is placed: on skin at area of pain   • Erect preferred to: drop diaphragm & to see air & fluid levels   • Hands: behind head and point elbows forward to draw scapula laterally	CR Entrance & Angle:   • _|_ to center of IR   • Collimation:   • Best to Determine:   • Posterior ribs 1-10 AD	Eval Criteria:   • For ribs above the diaphragm, 1st - 10th posterior ribs from both sides in their entirety   • Ribs visible through the lungs or abdomen   • In a unilateral examination, ribs from opposite side possibly not included in entirety.
AP (Below Diaphragm) IR Size: 14x17 CW SID: 40"" Page #'s: 1:476,204	Positioning:   • A radiopaque spot marker is placed: on skin at area of pain   • Supine preferred: to raise diaphragm   • Hands: in a comfortable position	CR Entrance & Angle:   • _|_ to center of IR   • Collimation:   • Best to Determine:   • Posterior ribs 8-12 BD	Eval Criteria:   • For ribs below the diaphragm, 8th - 12th posterior ribs on both sides in their entirety   • Ribs visible through the lungs or abdomen   • In a unilateral examination, ribs from opposite side possibly not included in entirety.
AP Oblique (RPO/LPO) IR Size: 14x17 LW SID: 40"" Page #'s: 1:478,206	Positioning:   • A radiopaque spot marker is placed: on skin at area of pain   • Body rotated: 45° affected toward IR   • Abduct arm of: affected (Hand behind head)	CR Entrance & Angle:   • _|_ to center over affected to IR   • Collimation:   • Collimate Respiration:   • Suspend on inspiration (AD) Expiration (BD) Best to Determine:   • Axillary portion & posterior ribs closest to IR	Eval Criteria:   • Approximately twice as much distance between the vertebral column and the lateral border of the ribs on the affected side as is present on the unaffected side   • Axillary portion of the ribs free of SI   • 1st - 10th ribs visible above diaphragm for upper ribs   • 8th - 12th ribs visible below diaphragm for lower ribs   • Ribs visible through the lungs or abdomen according to region examined
PA Oblique (RAO/LAO) IR Size: 14x17 LW SID: 40"" Page #'s: 1:480,208	Positioning:   • A radiopaque spot marker is placed: on skin at area of pain   • Body rotated: 45° affected away from IR   • Abduct arm of: affected (Hand on Bucky)	CR Entrance & Angle:   • _|_ to center over affected to IR   • Collimation:   • Collimate Respiration:   • Suspend on inspiration (AD) Expiration (BD) Best to Determine:   • Axillary portion & anterior ribs farthest from IR	Eval Criteria:   • Approximately twice as much distance between the vertebral column and the lateral border of the ribs on the affected side as is present on the unaffected side   • Axillary portion of the ribs free of SI   • 1st - 10th ribs visible above diaphragm for upper ribs   • 8th - 12th ribs visible below diaphragm for lower ribs   • Ribs visible through the lungs or abdomen according to region examined